Sqlite vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL | A Complete Comparison

Databases are an integral part of modern computing systems, and choosing the right one can significantly improve the performance and functionality of your applications. SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL are three popular relational database management systems used for a wide range of applications.

In this guide, we will compare the three most used databases SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.

1: SQLite

SQLite is a lightweight, file-based, and embedded relational database management system that requires no configuration after installation. Because it is a serverless database, it can run without a separate server process or system. SQLite can be installed and run on various platforms, including Linux, macOS, Windows, and mobile operating systems such as Android and iOS.

One of the most significant advantages of SQLite is that the complete database resides in a single disk file, simplifying its management and storage. This design enables the database to read and write directly from the file, without the need for any network communication or other overheads.

Given its lightweight design, SQLite is particularly suitable for IoT and embedded devices, where resources such as memory and processing power are limited. It can also be a good choice for low to medium-traffic websites and data analysis using Python. However, as the traffic increases or the data volume grows, SQLite may not perform as well as other more robust relational databases.

Pros

The SQLite library is one of the compact libraries with a size of 600kb.
The application only displays the required data.
Multiple actions can be performed on the same file at a time without interfering with each other.
Queries are small and the chances of error occurrence are less.

Cons

Lacks multi-user compatibility.
Few file system limitations can cause problems while handling a large data set.
Limited scalability, concurrency, and security features.

2: MySQL

MySQL is a powerful open-source database management system that is commonly used across various platforms and operating systems. Because it is written in C and C++, it is very efficient and runs without any lag. MySQL follows a server/client architecture that allows multiple users to access the database simultaneously.

MySQL’s multi-threaded nature allows it to handle multiple connections and transactions concurrently, making it highly scalable and ideal for high-traffic applications. Additionally, MySQL offers robust replication features that allow the database to be replicated across multiple servers, providing increased availability and fault tolerance.

Pros

MySQL supports multi-user features.
Simple to install and has a user-friendly interface.
Lightweight.
Robust security layer to keep your data safe, with the password encryption feature.

Cons

Can be implemented on simple to medium logic, as it is not a good fit for handling large data sets.
Few stability issues that can cause the corruption of the data.
Poor interface.

3: PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is a highly stable and reliable free database management system that is well-regarded for its robustness and durability. It is known for its exceptional data management capabilities, including support for advanced data types, such as arrays and JSON, as well as its ability to handle large and complex data sets.

One of the significant advantages of PostgreSQL is its flexibility and customizable features. PostgreSQL offers a wide range of configuration options and customization features, enabling developers to tailor the database to meet their requirements. This makes it an ideal choice for complex and high-level applications that need a high degree of flexibility.

Pros

Reliable and stable database system.
Advanced data management capability.
Cross-platform support.
Secure.

Cons

May not be the best option for high-performance workloads.
Limited cloud support.
Limited third-party tool support.
Too complex for beginners.