Ansible is a robust, open-source automation tool for configuration management, application deployment, and task automation. At the heart of Ansible are its playbooks which define a set of tasks that can be executed on remote machines.
Sometimes, you may not want to run the entire playbook, but instead run a subset or just a single task from the source playbook.
This is particularly useful when debugging the playbooks as you can step through each of the tasks in the playbook to determine which is causing an error, etc. Ansible has a command-line parameter called the start-at-task to achieve this functionality.
Therefore, in this tutorial, we will dive into the world of this parameter, determine what it does, and how we can use it to make our debugging process a little easier.
Prerequisites:
Before diving into the start-at-task feature, ensure that you have the following:
- Installed Ansible on your machine
- Basic understanding of Ansible playbooks
Ansible Start-at-Task Parameter
This is a handy parameter as it allows you to start the execution of a given playbook at a specific task while skipping all the preceding tasks.
The syntax of this parameter is as follows:
Practical Example:
To better demonstrate how this parameter works, let us take a real-world playbook example as shown in the following YAML file:
- hosts: localhost
tasks:
- name: Task 1 - Create a directory
file:
path: /tmp/dir1
state: directory
- name: Task 2 - Create a file
file:
path: /tmp/dir1/file.yml
state: touch
- name: Task 3 - Install package
apt:
name: nginx
state: present
In the previous playbook, we have three distinct sets of tasks that perform the individual tasks. For example, the first task creates a directory, the second creates a file inside the (created) directory, and the last installs the Nginx server on the remote host.
However, let us say we already have the directory and the file created. In this case, we only need to install Nginx. We can use this parameter as shown in the following command:
This forces Ansible to skip Task 1 and Task 2.
Using Ansible Start-at-Task with Tags
We can also combine the Ansible tags with the start-at-tasks parameter and the –tags or –skip-tags for a more precise execution. An example is as follows:
- hosts: localhost
tasks:
- name: Task 1
debug:
msg: "This is task 1"
tags:
- debug
- name: Task 2
debug:
msg: "This is task 2"
tags:
- setup
- name: Task 3
debug:
msg: "This is task 3"
To run the playbook starting at Task 2 but only for the tasks that are tagged with debug, we can use the following command:
This command starts the playbook at Task 2 but skips it since it doesn’t have the debug tag.
What You Should Know
There are some things to note about the start-at-task parameter. These include the following:
- The task name provided in the parameter should be an exact match, including the casing, to the one that is defined in the playbook.
- Second, if you have multiple tasks with a similar name inside the playbook, Ansible uses the first matching occurrence.
Conclusion
You learned about the start-at-task parameter in Ansible to introduce a more precise and granular way of controlling the execution flow of playbooks.
